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Tajikistan

  |  1 Mar 2009

Unchanged

President Rakhmon 2 Feb appointed new interior minister, 1st top official not from Rakhmon’s Kulob region since 1991. Observers cited attempt to bolster national unity in face of hostile rhetoric from Russia, Uzbekistan. During late-Feb Moscow visit, Rakhmon reportedly discussing Russian aid, troop presence, hydroelectric investment. U.S. ambassador 6 Feb reported Rakhmon to offer airspace for non-military supplies to Afghanistan; 23 Feb noted Rakhmon “broadly supportive” of resupply shipments through Tajikistan – no agreement yet. Rakhmon in Brussels 9-11 Feb for talks on EU, NATO cooperation including Afghan supply routes. Talco aluminium plant reducing production due to energy crisis; electricity in capital down to 9hrs/day, some regions have none. 19 Feb agreement with Uzbekistan established closer economic ties, debt repayment schedule, water-sharing agreement. IMF 18 Feb offered $120m loan.

 

 

Tajikistan

  |  1 Feb 2009

Unchanged

Sweeping govt changes, including heads of main energy providers dismissed live on television 15 Jan, plus commander of interior forces. Following 17 Jan Gen Petraeus visit (see Kazakhstan), govt to allow transit of commercial goods to U.S. facilities in Afghanistan. Worsening electricity shortages ahead of severe cold weather predictions; supply reduced late Jan to maximum of 2-3 hrs a day outside Dushanbe. Exacerbated by accident at power plant in north and suspension of electricity supply from Turkmenistan after failure to agree on rate for Uzbek transit of electricity; Tajikistan subsequently threatened to limit water supply to Uzbekistan. In possible sign that govt fears unrest, Interior Minister replaced 29 Jan. Supreme Court 8 Jan banned fundamentalist Salafi movement as danger to state security, prohibited distribution of Salafist materials.

 

 

Tajikistan

  |  1 Jan 2009

Unchanged

President Rakhmon appealed for more foreign aid, citing decreased aluminium and cotton prices. Govt, public protested recent violent murders of Tajik migrants in Russia. Unannounced, temporary early Dec border closure by Uzbekistan caused tensions; Uzbekistan later in month cut gas supplies to Tajikistan by 45%, doubled price of gas.

 

 

Tajikistan

  |  1 Dec 2008

Unchanged

Kyrgyz border troops 24 Nov expelled some 20 Tajik farmers attempting to divert irrigation water in southern Batken oblast. 23 Nov confrontation between Kyrgyz border guards and 50 Tajiks grazing cattle in Kyrgyzstan resulted in 1 guard being assaulted and disarmed. Govt 19 Nov reported cotton harvests significantly below targets.

 

Tajikistan

  |  1 Nov 2008

Unchanged

President Rakhmon engineered removal of powerful renegade chief of local organised crime department Col. Mirzokhoja Akhmadov, implicated in Feb shooting of special police unit (OMON) commander in Garm. UN appeal for emergency assistance, over possibly severe winter food shortages, so far met limited response.

 

Tajikistan

  |  1 Oct 2008

Unchanged

Interior Ministry 23 Sept issued arrest warrant for exiled opposition leader; charges include insulting president. Russian electricity company RAO UES 2 Sept confirmed will build 3 hydropower plants in Tajikistan, following Aug announcements of planned Chinese investment in the sector. Govt 2 Sept announced resumption of power rationing due to shortages.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Sep 2008

Unchanged

At 28 Aug Shanghai Cooperation Organisation summit in Dushanbe, concern among Central Asian members focused on relations with Russia in wake of Georgia crisis; in final statement states urged resolution “peacefully, through dialogue”, made no reference to Russian recognition of South Ossetia, Abkhazia independence (see Georgia). WFP pledged $10m food supply for coming year, citing famine risk after significant food, fuel price rises since Aug 2007.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Aug 2008

Unchanged

Head of supreme court 16 July accused Uzbek security forces of orchestrating June 2007 explosion that damaged court building. Accusation followed sentencing of suspect for role in blast; Uzbekistan reportedly refuses to hand over 2 other suspects. Journalists 18 July rejected draft code of conduct. Increased govt pressure on RFE/RL as govt called for criminal investigation into “insulting” coverage of first family.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Jul 2008

Unchanged

Debate over stability of President Rahmon power base continued: late month state footage purportedly showed Rahmon’s brother-in-law, not seen since rumoured 2 May shooting by Rahmon’s son. 200-500 protested 18 June in eastern Gorno-Badakhshan region over troop build up on nearby Afghan border. Tajik-Gazprom 10 June reportedly signed $500m gas exploration deal. Court 19 June sentenced 3 Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan branch members for 18-23 years for terrorism, Taliban support.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Jun 2008

Unchanged

Reports President Rahmon’s brother-in-law shot dead 2 May by Rahmon’s son fuelled speculation of succession struggle, govt instability. Senior officials called on Dushanbe residents to “voluntarily” give 50% May-June salaries for hydroelectric construction; govt agencies, enterprises instructed to withhold funds. 3 reportedly killed in clashes between security services, alleged drug smugglers in Kulyab city 27 May; at least 2 of 9 arrested linked to leadership of former pro-govt militia Popular Front. World Bank approved $6.5m energy assistance project 2 May following winter’s chronic shortages. Power rationing ended 19 May.

Tajikistan

  |  1 May 2008

Unchanged

Diplomatic tensions with Kyrgyzstan heightened after late-March water disputes at border, involving hundreds of Tajiks, Kyrgyz border guards. Govt admitted 8 Apr to having provided false data to IMF to secure loans for agriculture sector. Independent radio station Imruz closed 8 Apr for reporting critically on internal Tajik affairs.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Apr 2008

Unchanged

IMF demanded government repay $47m loans, accused Tajik National Bank of supplying doctored economic data. Supreme Court 11 March labelled Hizb ut-Tahrir “extremist organisation”.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Feb 2008

Unchanged

Further religious restrictions introduced at Islamic University 11 Jan following earlier ban on women wearing hijabs. Russia shifted position on Indian fighter jet deployment to Tajik air base; now opposed. Widespread power shortages expected as Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan cut supplies. Senior Islamic Renaissance Party member Shamsuddin Shamsuddinov reportedly died of cancer in prison 31 Jan.

 

Tajikistan

  |  1 Jan 2008

Unchanged

3 Tajik citizens accused of Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan membership sentenced 25 December to between 10 and 17 years for terrorism and attempting to overthrow government.

 

Tajikistan

  |  1 Dec 2007

Unchanged

Explosion near presidential palace 14 November killed worker; no responsibility claimed. Electricity supply agreement reached with Turkmenistan, but Uzbekistan denied transport through territory.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Nov 2007

Unchanged

Khatlon regional authorities instructed imams to stop students from attending mosque prayers, citing school absence. Culture ministry ordered 3-month suspension of Jehovah’s Witness and 2 other Christian organisations’ activities, citing rejection of military service.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Oct 2007

Unchanged

2 former Guantanamo detainees sentenced 17 years by Dushanbe court on charges of serving as mercenaries for Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan. President approved new internet libel law; media said would be used to silence dissent. New religious restrictions introduced, including religious tests for imams in Dushanbe and ban of Mavlavi group in east.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Sep 2007

Unchanged

Trial of 14 suspected IMU members continued in Sughd province. Authorities announced 23 July had foiled attacks on Dushanbe with arrest of 7 suspected IMU members over last 6 months. UN Tajikistan Office of Peacebuilding (UNTOP) ended 7-year mission 31 July.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Aug 2007

Unchanged

Parliament approved presidential amnesty, marking tenth anniversary of end to civil war, reducing prison sentences for many former opposition combatants. Law will not affect those serving life sentences, or for terrorism, multiple murders, abductions or human trafficking. Explosion outside Supreme Court 16 June; Dushanbe chief prosecutor suggested it was terrorist attack.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Jul 2007

Unchanged

Alleged Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan member Mirzoqodir Muminzoda sentenced to 11 years prison 8 May for terrorism, criminal activity and attempting to overthrow constitutional system.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Jun 2007

Unchanged

Arrests and convictions of alleged Islamist radicals continued in Northern Sughd province: 10-year sentence for suspected Hizb ut-Tahrir member; 18-19 years for 3 suspected Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) members; 7 years to life for further 11 IMU members. Charges include bomb attacks and border incursions.

Tajikistan

  |  1 May 2007

Unchanged

President Rahmon(ov) removed Russian suffix from surname and required all newborns be registered with Tajik surnames. Ali Akbar Turajonzoda, a United Tajik Opposition leader during civil war, called for blanket amnesty for all former opposition combatants. Last major civil-war era field commander to hold government post, Interior Ministry General Suhrob Qosimov, resigned, bringing era of warlordism to end.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Apr 2007

Unchanged

7 suspected Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan members went on trial in Sughd Province 8 February. In Moscow, journalist and activist Dodojon Atovulloyev claimed new united Tajik opposition movement will hold demonstrations calling for Rahmonov’s resignation.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Mar 2007

Unchanged

Supreme Court banned 10 organizations as terrorist, including al-Qaeda, Harakati Tablighot, Jamiyati Tablighot, Islamic Party of Turkestan, Sozmoni Tabligh, and Tojikistoni Ozod. Authorities reportedly acknowledged fault of border forces after Kyrgyz Batken province governor threatened on border 9 January.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Feb 2007

Unchanged

Supreme Court banned 10 organizations as terrorist, including al-Qaeda, Harakati Tablighot, Jamiyati Tablighot, Islamic Party of Turkestan, Sozmoni Tabligh, and Tojikistoni Ozod. Authorities reportedly acknowledged fault of border forces after Kyrgyz Batken province governor threatened on border 9 January.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Jan 2007

Unchanged

President Emomali Rahmonov made several changes to cabinet and other senior government posts to consolidate power after November electoral victory. Former opposition no longer represented in cabinet.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Dec 2006

Unchanged

Incumbent Emomali Rahmonov won 6 November presidential elections with 79% of vote. Nearest rival, Olimjon Boboyev, (Economic Reforms Party) got 6%. Turnout reported at 90%, but OSCE said poll fell short of international standards.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Nov 2006

Unchanged

Electoral campaign for 6 November presidential elections underway; 4 challengers considered unlikely to displace incumbent Emomali Rahmonov. Major opposition parties boycotting vote. Communications ministry ordered censorship of several websites known for critical coverage of government, citing state security, but later appeared to reverse decision in face of NGO protests.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Oct 2006

Unchanged

Islamic Renaissance, Democratic, and Social Democratic parties announced boycott of November presidential election, saying poll would not be free or fair; 4 other opposition candidates to run. IRP elected Muhiddin Kabiri as new leader. 3 men sentenced to 5-8 years for involvement in January jailbreak in Qayroqqum in which suspected Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan member Rahimov escaped.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Sep 2006

Unchanged

Opposition Islamic Renaissance Party leader Said Abdullo Nuri died after long illness 9 August; his deputy, Muhiddin Kabiri, nominated as successor. Suspected Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan militant and police officer killed in attempted arrest 3 August. Sogd regional court sentenced ethnic Uzbek to 15 years for spying in at least fourth such sentence since May. Former presidential guard chief Mirzoyev given life sentence for alleged 2004 coup plot. Attempt to remove two former opposition field commanders from posts in eastern province of Badakhshon led to protests by commanders’ supporters in regional capital Khorog. Parliament set presidential elections for 6 November.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Aug 2006

Unchanged

10 suspected Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan members detained. Military prosecutor accused former presidential guard chief Mirzoyev of murder and sedition.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Jul 2006

Unchanged

Border guards accused Uzbekistan of sheltering rebels and refusing to demarcate minefields amidst worsening relations. Meanwhile, court in Sogd province gave 4 Uzbek citizens sentences up to 16 years for spying; Uzbek authorities also reportedly arrested a Tajik for espionage. 2 alleged members of Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan arrested.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Jun 2006

Unchanged

Islamic Renaissance party said government targeting members after activist died in police custody 4 May; 3 police officers arrested in connection with death. Gunmen breached border and entered Kyrgyzstan, clashing with Tajik and Kyrgyz border guards; 13 reported dead. Authorities linked attack to Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan and stepped up border security.

Tajikistan

  |  1 May 2006

Unchanged

President Rakhmonov said ministries becoming “mafia clans” and urged officials to declare assets to avoid confiscation.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Apr 2006

Unchanged

Court jailed 8 supporters of rebel Mahmud Khudoyberdiyev for role in 1998 armed incursion in Sogd region. Agreement signed with U.S. to increase cooperation on border security and law enforcement.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Mar 2006

Unchanged

Trial of ex-commander of presidential guard Gaffor Mirzoyev on charges including plotting government overthrow resumed 14 February. Supreme Court suspended corrective labour sentence against Mukhtor Boqizoda, chief editor of opposition newspaper Nerui Sukhan.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Feb 2006

Unchanged

President Rakhmonov fired 20 top government officials in major reshuffle 30 January. Head of Defence Ministry’s Military Institute shot dead days earlier in Dushanbe. Armed men attacked prison in north killing 1 and freeing suspected member of banned Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan. Supreme Court upheld conviction of opposition Democratic Party head Mahmadruzi Iskandarov on terrorism and corruption charges. Closed trial began of Ghaffor Mirzoyev, former head of Presidential Guard and counter-narcotics agency. Meanwhile, prosecutors said police had arrested 99 alleged members of banned Hizb ut-Tahrir extremist group in 2005.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Jan 2006

Unchanged

Opposition Islamic Renaissance Party announced plan to field candidate in November 2006 presidential election. France’s defence minister met President Rakhmonov to discuss continued presence of French troops at Dushanbe base. 8 alleged members of Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan arrested in north.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Dec 2005

Unchanged

New Economic Reform and Agrarian Parties registered, bringing total number of official political parties to 8. Opposition Social Democratic Party accused regime of campaign to eliminate President Rahmonov’s potential rivals ahead of November 2006 presidential poll. Independent media under pressure as government enforcing tougher registration procedures.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Nov 2005

Unchanged

Supreme Court sentenced Democratic Party leader Makhmadrouzi Iskandarov to 23 years in jail for terrorism and embezzlement; opposition claimed charges politically motivated. U.S. Sec. State Rice met Tajik President Rahmonov to discuss bilateral cooperation. Russia announced plan to build airbase outside Dushanbe.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Oct 2005

Unchanged

Trial of opposition leader Mahmadruzi Iskandarov continued; Supreme Court granted motion allowing Iskandarov to call further witnesses. Russia transferred full responsibility for security of Afghan border to Tajik forces 1 September; EU pledged assistance. Tajik authorities arrested dozen suspected members of Hizb ut-Tahrir in Sughd province and uncovered arms cache in eastern Jirgatol district.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Sep 2005

Unchanged

Trial of Democratic Party leader Mahmadruzi Iskandarov on embezzlement and terrorism charges began. He retracted earlier confession, said made under duress; defence witnesses claimed having incriminated him only after torture. Police arrested alleged planners of January and June Dushanbe bombings. 9 Hizb ut-Tahrir members sentenced Dushanbe; Sughd province religious institutions purged. Mukhtor Boqizoda, editor of outspoken Nerui sukhan newspaper, sentenced to 2 years’ imprisonment for stealing electricity.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Aug 2005

Unchanged

Permission denied for independent Nerui Sukhan newspaper to recommence publishing. Security services arrested 6 alleged members of Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan in connection with April murder of 2 state investigators. Trial began of former opposition field commander Yoribek Ibrohimov, former lieutenant of imprisoned Democratic Party chief Mahmadruzi Iskandarov.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Jul 2005

Unchanged

Bomb exploded outside Emergencies Ministry building and major bank in Dushanbe 13 June, causing minor injuries. Similar explosion took place in January in same location. Motivation behind bombings unknown. Pressure on opposition parties continued, with arrest of 2 members of Islamic Renaissance Party, jailing of 2 members of Social Democratic Party for “hooliganism”, and sentencing of senior Taraqqiyot Party official to nearly 6 years in prison for insulting president and inciting conflict. Transfer of Tajik-Afghan border from Russian to Tajik control completed 14 June.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Jun 2005

Unchanged

Opposition parties protested alleged fraud in February elections, suspending participation in Public Council advisory body. Pressure on civil society continued, with denial of registration to independent media and increasing scrutiny of activities of foreign embassies, international organisations and NGOs. Court in northern city of Khujand sentenced accused members of Islamic radical group “Bay'at”.

Tajikistan

  |  1 May 2005

Unchanged

Media and civil society remained under pressure: government suspended operations of 2 independent newspapers and television station, and passed law requiring foreign embassies and international organisations to provide advance notice of meetings with civil society, political parties, or media. In Moscow, Russian authorities released Tajik opposition leader Mahmadruzi Iskandarov despite extradition request from Tajik prosecutor-general on terrorism and embezzlement charges, citing inadequate evidence. But Iskandarov then arrested in Dushanbe after reportedly being abducted from Russia and brought back to Tajikistan.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Apr 2005

Unchanged

Four opposition parties filed complaint with Central Election Commission claiming violations in February parliamentary elections. According to Commission, President Rakhmonov’s National Democratic Party received 74% of vote, and 52 of 63 seats in lower house of parliament.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Mar 2005

Deteriorated

Parliamentary elections tainted by widespread malpractice and opposition complaints of voter intimidation. Central Election Commission estimated President Rakhmonov's National Democratic Party won about 80% of vote. OSCE said elections did not meet international standards.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Feb 2005

Deteriorated

Tensions increased in Tajikistan. Authorities barred 2 opposition leaders, Mahmadruzi Iskandarov and Sulton Quvvatov, from running in 27 February parliamentary elections, further strengthening grip of President Rakhmonov’s People’s Democratic Party. Divided opposition expected to receive only tiny fraction of votes. Car bomb exploded 31 January in capital, Dushanbe, outside emergencies ministry, killing driver and injuring several bystanders; U.S. embassy had warned of potential attacks against Americans. Rakhmonov removed several high-ranking officials by decree.

Tajikistan

  |  1 Jan 2005

Unchanged

Opposition leader Mamadruzi Iskandarov, head of Democratic Party of Tajikistan and former chief of state gas company, arrested in Moscow 9 December on extradition warrant. Tajik prosecutor said charges include corruption, murder and terrorism. Opposition claimed move intimidation tactic ahead of February parliamentary elections.

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CrisisWatch N°114

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