Marking the automatic expiration of certain restrictions on Iran’s ballistic missile program set by UN Security Council resolution 2231 which endorsed the JCPOA, 47 state members of the Proliferation Security Initiative, including UK, France, Germany and the U.S., issued a statement arguing that “Resolution 2231 was based on the assumption that Iran would take the necessary steps towards restoring confidence in the exclusively peaceful nature of its nuclear program. This has not happened. In this context, it is imperative that all States continue to take steps to counter Iran’s destabilising ballistic missile-related activities through ongoing counterproliferation cooperation”. They further expressed their commitment, with regard to Iran, “to take all necessary measures to prevent the supply, sale or transfer of ballistic missile-related items, materials, equipment, goods, and technology, to protect peace and stability in the region and beyond”. The same day, the U.S. designated, in total, thirteen individuals, twelve entities and one vessel based in Iran, Russia, Hong Kong, the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and Venezuela in relation to Iran’s ballistic missile and UAV programs, in addition to issuing an advisory “to private industry regarding Iranian missile procurement and related U.S. sanctions and export restrictions”. Iran’s foreign ministry issued a statement insisting that the 2231 restrictions had “unconditionally” terminated.