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Email From Gaza
Email From Gaza
How Libya’s Fezzan Became Europe’s New Border
How Libya’s Fezzan Became Europe’s New Border
Table of Contents
  1. Executive Summary
  2. Introduction
  3. The Fezzan
    1. Geography
    2. People
  4. Triumph of the Illegal Economy
    1. People Smuggling
    2. Fuel Smuggling
    3. Artisanal Gold Mining
    4. Vanishing Legal Economy
      1. Agriculture
      2. Oil industry
  5. A Precarious Security Environment
    1. Lingering Communal Conflicts
    2. East-West Battlefront in the South
    3. Fluid and Fragmented Loyalties
  6. No GNA, Few Internationals in the South
    1. No Central State
    2. The International Community in the South
  7. Policy Implications and Conclusion
    1. Security
    2. Economic Alternatives
    3. Appendix A: Map of Libya
Wrecked buildings from the 2014 war with Israel litter the street in an area of Shejaiya, east of Gaza city, in Autumn 2014. CRISISGROUP/Nathan Thrall
Commentary / Middle East & North Africa

Email From Gaza

In this letter from International Crisis Group’s one-man outpost in Gaza to our Middle East & North Africa Program Director,  our analyst there, Azmi Keshawi, describes daily difficulties, deep tensions within Palestinian ranks and the growing likelihood of a new round of war with Israel.